From the bits and pieces we have heard I think a possible example could be this quest:
"If you are interested in an opportunity, meet me on day 14 at noon at location 400N, 300W"
If you get to that location on time, either of three things might happen:
1) 30% chance: you are ambushed by bandits who used the quest as bait
2) 5% chance: you find a dead NPC with a paper hinting at a hidden chest somewhere
3) 65% chance: An NPC tells you that he knows a building that is home to a zombie boss (or alternatively bandits) where a working chem station is in the cellar. He offers to give you the location and will pay you 200 coins if you bring back an antibiotics pill for his dying wife.
3a) you can accept or decline. If you decline, he might attack you (20%), ignore you (20%) or sweeten his offer with more coins or an extended magazine mod (60%). You even might be able to decide if you want more coins or the mod.
Gazz, any comment on whether this might be possible in A17? I imagine the timed appearance of the quest npc could be implemented as an appropriatley delayed spawn buff on a block in that exact location lasting a few minutes.
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Even better example: Just play FTL and see what a good writer and some randomization can do with a better quest system in a randomly generated world