Kind of. You almost have to build a base specifically to get attacked from all sides. No way to reach you or the same paths from all directions. It doesn't have to be a megabase or any kind of meta or whatever that prevents them from attacking from all sides. If there is a path to the player on only one side, they won't normally attack from all directions unless they go into demolition mode. So you can definitely get them to attack from all sides, but it is a conscious decision to build so that happens.
Another thing that can help if you want that to happen is to damage some blocks on all sides of the base. It doesn't have to be much damage - a single hit with a stone hammer will do it. Zombies like to attack damaged blocks and may ignore a path if they find a damaged block they can attack. Having those all around a base and cause zombies to attack from all directions. Of course, they only come from one direction at a time.