Sorry, I don't want to install dll mods without some level of trust to the mod author. Someone else here may be less chicken than me.
Though I have a further suggestion: The dlls in vanilla are .net libraries AFAIK and probably can be used on native linux because of the .net implementation Mono. Maybe the mod uses c/c++ libraries and that is why it isn't working. You could start a shell and try "ldd xxx.dll". On a typical .net library ldd tells me:
mscorlib.dll: PE32 executable (DLL) (console) Intel 80386 Mono/.Net assembly, for MS Windows, 3 sections
If the library in your mod does not say anything about .Net then that would be the case. Again, using proton might help.
You could also look into one of your logfiles, located in 7DaysToDieServer_Data and called "output_log_[date]...". Search for lines with the string "[MODS]" in it. A couple of lines should be about loading your mod and maybe there is an error message. Post that error message, it will contain clues to the problem.